How to Backup in noarchivelog mode in oracle database?

step by step backing up of oracle database 12c( Noarchivelog mode), single instance, using Oracle Recover Manager (RMAN) client.

---- Connect to RMAN client ---
SQL> $rman target "'/ as sysbackup '"
 Recovery Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Feb 7 20:50:51 2022
 Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
 connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1623755738)
   
----Check that the database is in noarchivelog mode----
RMAN> select name,log_mode,db_unique_name from v$database;
 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
NAME      LOG_MODE     DB_UNIQUE_NAME
--------- ------------ ------------------------------
ORCL      NOARCHIVELOG primary

---- view the default configuration parameters
RMAN> show all;
 RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name PRIMARY are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE RMAN OUTPUT TO KEEP FOR 7 DAYS; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO 'D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\VIRTUAL\PRODUCT\12.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFPRIMARY.ORA'; # default

---- backup your database using backup database command
RMAN> backup database;
 Starting backup at 07-FEB-22
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=145 device type=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of backup command at 02/07/2022 20:52:48
RMAN-06149: cannot BACKUP DATABASE in NOARCHIVELOG mode

----Shutdown the database and change the status to mount
RMAN> shutdown immediate;
 database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup mount;
 connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted
 Total System Global Area    2499805184 bytes
 Fixed Size                     8749920 bytes
Variable Size                687869088 bytes
Database Buffers            1795162112 bytes
Redo Buffers                   8024064 bytes

---- do the backup while the database is at mount state
RMAN> backup database;
 Starting backup at 07-FEB-22
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=379 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF
input datafile file number=00005 name=D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF
input datafile file number=00003 name=D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF
input datafile file number=00007 name=D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-FEB-22
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-FEB-22
piece handle=D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\PRIMARY\BACKUPSET\2022_02_07\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20220207T205514_K02Q84RF_.BKP tag=TAG20220207T205514 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:35
Finished backup at 07-FEB-22
 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-FEB-22
piece handle=D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\PRIMARY\AUTOBACKUP\2022_02_07\O1_MF_S_1096059216_K02QC59O_.BKP comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-FEB-22

---- Backup is completed. Open the database
RMAN> alter database open;
 Statement processed

---- Finally, check list of your backups using LIST backup command
RMAN> list backup;
  List of Backup Sets
===================
  BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1       Full    10.19M     DISK        00:00:02     06-FEB-22
        BP Key: 1   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20220206T221843
        Piece Name: D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\ORCL\AUTOBACKUP\2022_02_06\O1_MF_S_1095977924_K007ROOR_.BKP
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 06-FEB-22
  SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1510775      Ckp time: 06-FEB-22
 BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2       Full    1.40G      DISK        00:01:29     07-FEB-22
        BP Key: 2   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20220207T205514
        Piece Name: D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\PRIMARY\BACKUPSET\2022_02_07\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20220207T205514_K02Q84RF_.BKP
  List of Datafiles in backup set 2
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ ----
  1       Full 1515235    07-FEB-22              NO    D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF
  3       Full 1515235    07-FEB-22              NO    D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF
  5       Full 1515235    07-FEB-22              NO    D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF
  7       Full 1515235    07-FEB-22              NO    D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF
 BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3       Full    10.19M     DISK        00:00:01     07-FEB-22
        BP Key: 3   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20220207T205652
        Piece Name: D:\APP\ADMIN\VIRTUAL\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\PRIMARY\AUTOBACKUP\2022_02_07\O1_MF_S_1096059216_K02QC59O_.BKP
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 07-FEB-22
  SPFILE db_unique_name: PRIMARY
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1515235      Ckp time: 07-FEB-22
 RMAN>

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