Data Encryption Standard

Data encryption standard (DES) is a symmetric encryption with a block cipher size of 64 bits. And it employs data encryption algorithm (DEA) to achieve encryption objectives. Furthermore, DES is based on a cipher known as the Feistel block cipher, which is a block cipher developed by IBM cryptography researcher Horst Feistel. Besides, it is consisted of a number of rounds where each round contains bit-shuffling, non-linear substitutions (S-boxes) and exclusive OR (XOR) operations. It undertakes 16 rounds of confusion and diffusion when applying encryption techniques to data and applies the same combination of techniques on the plaintext block 16 times. Every single cipher bit is made to be dependent on all the bits of the key as well as on all bits of the plaintext in the block. Moreover, DES’s effective key length is 56 bits and the remaining 8 bits are used for parity checking purpose.

The fundamental building blocks of DES are combination of two basic encryption techniques namely confusion and diffusion concepts. Furthermore, it employs substitution and transformation (permutation) techniques on a text based on the block cipher key.

Data encryption standards (DES) is no more secure encryption standard.