How to validate Data Files, Backup Sets and Data Blocks

We can validate data files, Backup sets and data blocks of oracle database using RMAN VALIDATE  command.

Example 1:

RMAN> validate backupset 1;
 Starting validate at 26-SEP-22
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece D:\APP\ADMIN\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\DBDB2\BACKUPSET\2022_09_26\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20220926T160525_KM38WQ8N_.BKP
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=D:\APP\ADMIN\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\DBDB2\BACKUPSET\2022_09_26\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20220926T160525_KM38WQ8N_.BKP tag=TAG20220926T160525
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished validate at 26-SEP-22

You can also use the validate command to check all data files at once, as shown below:

RMAN> validate database;
 Starting validate at 26-SEP-22
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00003 name=D:\APP\ADMIN\ORADATA\DBDB2\SYSAUX01.DBF
input datafile file number=00001 name=D:\APP\ADMIN\ORADATA\DBDB2\SYSTEM01.DBF
input datafile file number=00005 name=D:\APP\ADMIN\ORADATA\DBDB2\UNDOTBS01.DBF
input datafile file number=00006 name=D:\APP\ADMIN\ORADATA\DBDB2\USERS01.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation
including current control file for validation
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
List of Control File and SPFILE
===============================
File Type    Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined
------------ ------ -------------- ---------------
SPFILE       OK     0              2
Control File OK     0              612
Finished validate at 26-SEP-22